Every biomolecule is different. We are offering one of the broadest range of surfaces for binding of biomolecules on the market, so that you can select the optimal surface for your application. Our product portfolio includes both conventional 2D (2-dimensional)-reactive glass slides as well as PolyAn’s 3D-reactive matrices:

e.g Epoxy 

• ultra-thin (mono)layer
• rigid structure
• cost-effective reactive surface
• suitable for glass and metal oxides

3D-Slide with Antifoulin and Functional Groups

• tentacular, branched polymer structure, partly crosslinked
• thickness: 1 – 50 nm, depending on application
• swellable hydrogel
• for small molecules fully penetratable
• variable density / surface concentration of functional groups

Available 2D-reactive matrices

• 2D-Epoxy
• 2D-Amino
• 2D-Aldehyde
• 2D-Carboxy
• 2D-Activated Amino (PDITC)
• 2D-Thiol
• 2D-Azide

For cost-sensitive applications PolyAn has developed a range of 2D (2-dimensional)-reactive glass slides that are manufactured from high quality glass with an ultra-flat surface and low inherent fluorescence. The glass is coated with a thin silane layer that will covalently bind most types of bio-molecules. The defect-free surface features uniform silane layers that provide a high covalent coupling efficiency together with a very low background.

Available 3D-reactive matrices

• 3D-Epoxy matrices
• 3D-Amino matrices
• 3D-Aldehyde matrices
• 3D-Carboxy matrices
• 3D-NHS matrices
• 3D-Maleimide
• Activated Amino (PDITC) matrices
• Covalently coupled Streptavidin and Neutravidin
• Other surface chemistries, e.g. 3D-Thiol, Poly-L-Lysine, …

Our 3D-reactive surfaces are functionalized with a three-dimensional (3D)-surface chemistry comprised of a long-chain polymer containing a defined number of reactive groups. The 3D-structure enables a higher loading with reactive groups and incorporates structures that reduce unspecific binding. Optimized loading and low unspecific binding can translate into a higher signal-to-noise ratio.

Dimensions

Our products include plastic and glass slides, coverslips as well as functionalized 96-well plates for DNA-, peptide- or protein microarrays. Applications range from low density microarrays for diagnostic tests to ultra-high density arrays for pharma screening.

The slides are produced with standard dimensions of 25 x 75 x 1 mm. Additionally, we offer customized slides with a surface modification tailored to your specific application. PolyAn also functionalizes metal surfaces with our 3D-reactive matrices.

Customized surfaces

Please do not hesitate to contact us, if you require special surfaces for binding of your biomolecules that are not listed in the products table. We can also functionalize other plate formats and substrates with our surfaces. Additionally, we have access to a wide range of different surface modifications for binding of small molecules, saccharides etc.

3D-Amino Matrix for coupling via electrostatical adsorption of negatively charged biochemical species

An adsorptive immobilization is a non-covalent coupling method on solid supports which is realized by electrostatic, Van der Waals interactions, hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions of the reactants, respectively. An electrostatic interaction is formed by an ion-ion-interaction between the surface and the applied biochemical species. The dissociation energy for typical electrostatic bond is 130 kJ/mol. It is about a third of the strength of an average covalent bond. In order to achieve an optimal adhesion the probe buffer und the adhesion conditions (pH-value) have to be optimized.

Binding of oligonucleotides on the 3D-Amino matrix

The nucleic acid is bound electrostatically on the 3D-Amino surface with its negatively charged backbone or its 5´phosphate group. For immobilization of nulceic acids we recommend an UV- crosslinking after adsorption forming a covalent bond. During the UV irradiation the base Thymine formes radicals which undergoes a H-abstraction in the 3D- Matrix.

Products

PolyAn equips glass slides, coverslips and polymer slides with 3D-Amino surfaces. Additionally, PolyAn has a range of porous materials (membranes, fleece and sinter materials) and microparticles in our product portfolio that are functionalised with 3D-Amino surfaces.

Please do not hesitate to contact us, if you would like to functionalise a different format or substrate with our 3D-Amino surface.

3D-Epoxy Matrix for coupling via the N-terminus of biochemical species

Epoxides are cyclic ethers with a highly strained three member ring. Epoxy rings can be easily reacted with nucleophiles e.g. amines, hydrazines, thiols, hydroxides and carboxyl groups. Compared to NHS-esters or 1,4-Phenylene isothiocyanates (PDITC) the epoxy surface is more stable and has a longer shelf-life. Epoxy-surfaces are stable up temperatures of 40°C and are also more stable against humidity compared to NHS and PDITC-surfaces.

The nucleophilic addition is catalyzed by acid or basic conditions. Under acidic conditions, the oxygen in the ring is positively charged, which facilitates the nucleophilic attack. Under basic conditions the least substituted carbon is attacked by the applied nucleophile in a standard SN2 reaction.

PolyAn equips glass slides, coverslips and polymer slides as well as 96-well plates with 3D-Epoxy surfaces. The 3D-Epoxy 96 well microplates are used mainly if adsorptive binding of peptides or oligonucleotides, for example, to high/medium binding surfaces is ineffective or the binding strength is not sufficient. Areas of application include detection methods such as ELISA, ELI-Spot, protein and peptide arrays and DNA binding.

Please do not hesitate to contact us, if you would like to functionalize a different format or substrate with our 3D-Epoxy surface.

3D-Carboxy Matrix for non-covalent coupling of positively charged biochemical species via electrostatical adsorption

An adsorptive immobilization is a non-covalent coupling method on solid supports which is realized by electrostatic, Van der Waals interactions, hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions of the reactants, respectively. An electrostatic interaction is formed by an ion-ion-interaction between the surface and the applied biochemical species. The dissociation energy for typical electrostatic bond is 130 kJ/mol. It is about a third of the strength of an average covalent bond. In order to achieve an optimal adhesion the probe buffer und the adhesion conditions (pH-value) have to be optimized.

Please note, that the carboxy functionalities can be used for surface activation via 1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbo-diimide (EDC), N-hydroxy succinimide (NHS).

PolyAn equips glass slides, coverslips and polymer slides as well as 96-well plates with 3D-Carboxy matrices. Please do not hesitate to contact us, if you would like to functionalize a different format or substrate with our 3D-Carboxy surface.

3D-NHS Matrix for coupling via the N-terminus of biochemical species

The NHS-ester reacts immediately with the NH2- terminus of biochemical species to form a covalent bond with the surface (420 kJ/mol). The reaction of carboxyl functionalities with N- Hydroxy succinimide leads to highly reactive esters, which can be easily reacted with nucleophiles e.g. amines, hydrazines. However, due to its high reactivity the NHS ester is susceptible against hydrolysis and is characterized by a relatively short shelf-life. All NHS-activated surfaces should therefore be processed quickly.

There are a number of different approaches to couple on the NHS-surface:

1. It is assumed that not all Carboxy groups have reacted to NHS- esters during activation. Thus a negatively charged carboxy surface still remains which in turn supports the physico-chemical adsorption of positively charged probes e.g. NH3+. Hence a protonating media (pH < 5) for the biochemical species getting a positively charge is required.
2. A nucleophilic attack on the active ester is also catalyzed under basic conditions (pH > 8,5).

After attachment of the biochemical species the surfaces must be blocked with a blocking buffer containing small molecules that can access all reactive groups within the 3D- Matrix.

PolyAn equips glass slides, coverslips and polymer slides as well as 96-well plates with 3D-NHS surfaces. Please do not hesitate to contact us, if you would like to functionalize a different format or substrate with our 3D-NHS surface.

3D-Aldehyde Matrix for coupling via the N-terminus of the biochemical species

Aldehyde groups react immediately with the NH2-terminus of biochemical species to form a covalent bond with the surface (420 kJ/mol). In an intermediate state the Aldehydes form an instable Imine-group with the Amines (Schiff-base). It is also possible to reduce the Imines with Sodium Borhydride to form stable Amines.

Upon completion the coupling reaction other non-reacted aldehydes must be blocked with small molecules that penetrate the 3D-Matrix and effectively quench all remaining reactive groups.

PolyAn equips glass slides, coverslips and polymer slides with 3D-Aldehyde surfaces. Please do not hesitate to contact us, if you would like to functionalize a different format or substrate with our 3D-Aldehyde surface.

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Avidin, Streptavidin and Neutravidin Surfaces for non-covalent oriented coupling of Biotin modified biochemical species

Avidin is a glycoprotein comprised of four polypeptides that are connected with carbohydrates via glycosidic bonds. Avidin is a tetrameric protein which forms a highly specific binding site for Biotin. Neutravidin is a deglycosylated form of avidin.

The Avidin (Streptavidin/Neutravidin) -Biotin-bond is one of the strongest known, non-covalent bond in biology/ biochemistry (KD= 10-15 mol/l*). The binding site for Biotin is formed by various amino acids (see adjacent figure: binding site). When using covalently attached Avidin, Streptavidin or Neutravidin the molecules are less susceptible for desorption in the presence of alkaline, acids, in solutions of high ionic strength or at high temperatures. Biotin affine proteins can be distinguished by their isoelectric point, specificity and nonspecific binding as illustrated in the following table.

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PolyAn equips glass slides, coverslips and polymer slides as well as 96-well plates with Streptavidin and Neutravidin surfaces.

Please do not hesitate to contact us, if you would like to functionalize a different format or substrate with our Streptavidin or Neutravidin surfaces.

3D-Maleimide Matrix for oriented covalent coupling (immobilization) of thiolated biochemical species

Maleimide-esters react immediately with Thiol-groups of biochemical species. The Thiol-groups can be either natively present in the (bio)molecule, e.g. through the amino acid cysteine in proteins, produced via reductive cleavage of disulfide bonds with a reducing agent such as Dithiothreitol (DTT, Cleland´s Reagent), or selectively introduced e.g. with 2-Iminothiolane (Traut’s reagent) for amine-containing molecules.

Similar to NHS-esters, Maleimide surfaces are susceptible to hydrolysis, and thus, should be processed promptly after opening the sealed bags.

PolyAn equips glass slides, coverslips and polymer slides with 3D-Maleimide surfaces. Please do not hesitate to contact us, if you would like to functionalize a different format or substrate with our 3D-Maleimide surface.

Selected Publications

• Broecker, F. et al., `Synthetic Glycan Microarrays´, Meth Mol Biol, 2017, 1518, 227. DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-6584-7_15.
• Götze, S. et al., `Investigation of the protective properties of glycosylphosphatidylinositol-based vaccine candidates in a Toxoplasma gondii mouse challenge model´, Glycobiology, 2015, 25, 984. DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwv040.
• Malik, A. et al., `Immunological Evaluation of Synthetic Glycosylphosphatidylinositol Glycoconjugates as Vaccine Candidates against Malaria´, Chem Biol, 2020, 15, 171. DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.9b00739.

Poly-L-Lysin Matrix

A higher density of surface amines can be achieved with the Poly-L-Lysin which is covalently attached on 3D-surfaces. Slides covalently coated with Poly-L-Lysine can be used as adhesive microscope slides for the electrostatic coupling of biomolecules or biological samples, e.g. DNA, cells, tissues.

PolyAn equips glass slides, coverslips and polymer slides with Poly-L-Lysin. Please do not hesitate to contact us, if you would like to functionalize a different format or substrate with our Poly-L-Lysin surface.

3D-Activated Amino (PDITC) Matrix for coupling via the N-terminus of biochemical species

The PDITC (1,4- Phenylendiisothiocyanate) is a homobifunctional linker, that immediately reacts with nucleophiles e.g. amines, hydrazines, thiols and hydroxides to form stable covalent bonds. After attachment of the biochemical species the surfaces must be blocked with a blocking buffer containing small molecules that can access all reactive groups within the 3D- Matrix.

PolyAn equips glass slides, coverslips and polymer slides with 3D-PDITC surfaces. Please do not hesitate to contact us, if you would like to functionalize a different format or substrate with our 3D-PDITC surface.

Microarray Glass Slides

PolyAn is proud to offer one of the broadest product portfolios of microarray substrates on the market. Our products include plastic and glass slides as well as functionalized 96-well plates for DNA-, peptide-, glycan- or protein microarrays. Applications range from low density microarrays for diagnostic tests to ultra-high density arrays for pharma screening.

The slides are produced with standard dimensions of 25 x 75 x 1 mm. Additionally, we offer customized slides and alternative glass formats with surface modifications tailored to your specific application. Please also have a look at our ProPlate, HybriWell and SecureSeal products that facilitate handling of slides.

For cost-sensitive applications PolyAn has developed a range of 2D (2-dimensional)-reactive glass slides that are manufactured from high quality glass with an ultra-flat surface and low inherent fluorescence. The glass is coated with a thin silane layer that will covalently bind most types of bio-molecules. The defect-free surface features uniform silane layers that provide a high covalent coupling efficiency together with a very low background. The slides are easy to use, and are fully compatible with all commercially available arraying and scanning instruments.

PolyAn’s 3D-functionalised microarray Slides are functionalized with a three-dimensional (3D)-surface chemistry comprised of a long-chain polymer containing a defined number of reactive groups. This polymer is covalently linked to the surface of the slide.

Our MSE-technology gently binds the functional layer onto the surface without damaging the base substrate. The morphology of the functional surface and thus the number of the reactive groups can be fine-tuned within a narrow range. This yields a number of advantages:

Packaging:

The slides are packaged in inert atmospheric boxes, with a capacity of 25 or 5 slides per box.

Storage

PolyAn’s slides are characterised by a long shelf-life when stored dry, at 4-8°C and protected from sunlight. All slides are packaged in boxes under Argon atmosphere to avoid contamination with particles. The Argon atmosphere also minimises degradation of the reactive surface through contact with air or humidity.

Especially for diagnostic applications PolyAn is offering a broad range of functionalized microarray polymer slides. For reasons of reliability and bio-safety, patient-centric biomarker testing is always performed in single-use cartridges with a one-step process (sample in – result out). These cartridges should be disposable after use, so the materials of the cartridge should be non-hazardous and recyclable.

PolyAn’s Polymer Slides are comprised of a low auto fluorescence plastic. The material is highly robust against breakage making it the material of choice when working with hazardous materials. It is suitable for injection molding and hot embossing processes.

The slides are produced with standard dimensions of 25 x 75 x 1 mm. Additionally, we offer the functionalization of your plastic including microfluidics with a surface modification that is tailored to your specific application. Please also have a look at our ProPlate, HybriWell and SecureSeal products that facilitate handling of slides.

PolyAn’s 3D-functionalised microarray Slides are functionalized with a three-dimensional (3D)-surface chemistry comprised of a long-chain polymer containing a defined number of reactive groups. This polymer is covalently linked to the surface of the slide.

Our MSE-technology gently binds the functional layer onto the surface without damaging the base substrate. The morphology of the functional surface and thus also the number of the reactive groups can be fine-tuned within a narrow range. This yields a number of advantages:

For high-resolution microscopic imaging or scanning applications PolyAn offers functionalized coverslips. All of PolyAn’s standard functional coatings can also be applied to coverslip glass.

All coverslips have the standard dimension of 25 x 60mm. Type #1.5 is used as a standard thickness. All coverslips are packed in boxes of 5. Other functionalities, thicknesses and sizes are available upon request. PolyAn also offers functionalised substrates that are coated with gold or other noble metals as well as waveguide materials.

For cost-sensitive applications PolyAn has developed a range of 2D (2-dimensional)-reactive coverslips that are manufactured from high quality glass with an ultra-flat surface and low inherent fluorescence. The glass is coated with a thin silane layer that will covalently bind most types of bio-molecules. The defect-free surface features uniform silane layers that provide a high covalent coupling efficiency together with a very low background.

PolyAn’s 3D-functionalised microarray Slides are functionalized with a three-dimensional (3D)-surface chemistry comprised of a long-chain polymer containing a defined number of reactive groups. This polymer is covalently linked to the surface of the slide.

Our MSE-technology gently binds the functional layer onto the surface without damaging the base substrate. The morphology of the functional surface and thus also the number of the reactive groups can be fine-tuned within a narrow range. This yields a number of advantages:

PolyAn’s 3D-functionalised microarray Slides are functionalized with a three-dimensional (3D)-surface chemistry comprised of a long-chain polymer containing a defined number of reactive groups. This polymer is covalently linked to the surface of the coverslip.

Our MSE-technology gently binds the functional layer onto the surface without damaging the base substrate. The morphology of the functional surface and thus the number of the reactive groups can be fine-tuned within a narrow range. This yields a number of advantages:

Functionalized Cyclo Olefin Polymer (COP) films with low autofluorescence that can be easily cut into suitable formats post printing. COP is characterized by a low autofluorescence. The finished film-chip can be easily integrated into cartridges or microfluidic devices.

COP-films with the following matrices are available:

The sheets are available in slide format (75 mm x 25 mm) as well as larger sheets (75 mm x 110 mm). Customized pre-scored sheets are available upon request.

Please download the Application Note “Assembling of spotted, pre-cut COP sensor foil with DNA-microarray on a microfluidic hybridization cartridge” here.

Please do not hesitate to contact us, if you require a special surface for binding of your biomolecules that is not listed in the products table. We can also functionalize microplates, slides, beads and other substrates with our surfaces. We are looking forward to your inquiry.

Functionalized 96-well plates for microarrays

In order to take advantage of the existing liquid handling and automation solutions for 96-well SBS formats, PolyAn is offering a range of functionalized multiwell products which are equipped with the same reactive surfaces as our glass and plastic slides.

Functionalized HTA 96 well plates

The HTA96-well plates of Greiner Bio-One have been specifically designed for microarrays. They are comprised of a low autofluorescence injection moulded plastic which PolyAn equips with our 3D-reactive surfaces. Plates with the following matrices are available:

Please do not hesitate to contact us, if you would like to learn more about this novel design and/or if you would like to test some samples.

Key features:

• Fast printing on planar surface
• No electrostatic effects
• Standard SBS format
• All of PolyAn’s 3D-reactive matrices available for coupling
• Mechanically robust, low autofluorescence injection moulded plastic

Standard polystyrene 96-well plates in different designs which are equipped with PolyAn’s 3D-Epoxy and 3D-NHS reactive matrices for covalent coupling of biomolecules.

Key features:

• Compatible with all liquid handling systems for ELISA
• Covalent binding of nucleophiles to the plate surface without complex coupling chemistry
• Integrated antifouling matrix reduces unspecific binding
• No cross-contamination between wells possible
• Most cost-efficient solution

Standard polystyrene 96-well plates in different designs which are equipped with PolyAn’s 3D-Epoxy and 3D-NHS reactive matrices for covalent coupling of biomolecules.

Key features:

• Compatible with all liquid handling systems for ELISA
• Covalent binding of nucleophiles to the plate surface without complex coupling chemistry
• Integrated antifouling matrix reduces unspecific binding
• No cross-contamination between wells possible
• Most cost-efficient solution

Multipart plates

PolyAn’s multipart plates are comprised of a functionalized glass plate (75 x 110 mm, 1mm thickness) which is combined with the ProPlate superstructure after the printing process.

ProPlate® MTP features a biocompatible, pressure sensitive, adhesive bonding system applied to a bottomless microtiter plate to form a leak-proof seal between wells to isolate microarrays printed on glass or plastic during processing. Designs are available in black polystyrene for the 96 well (round) and 384 well (square) plates, and in black polycarbonate for the 96 well (square) plate, which maximizes the array printing area. Application of the substrate is as simple as peeling off a liner to expose the adhesive and pressing the content to the surface. Alignment of arrays within the wells may be facilitated by means of a fixture (sold separately). This product is often customized for content providers seeking a go-to-market solution for their arrays printed on difficult to bond substrates. Lids and adhesive plate seals are also available both as a packaging solution to protect content and as a means to prevent evaporation during reagent incubation steps. ProPlate MTP products are compatible with several available microarray imagers and most robotic liquid handling platforms.

Please do not hesitate to contact us, if you require a special surface for binding of your biomolecules that is not listed in the products table. We can also functionalise other plate formats and substrates with our surfaces. Additionally, we have access to a wide range of different surface modifications for binding of small molecules, saccharides etc.

ONCYTE® AVID Nitrocellulose Film Slides

Nitrocellulose-coated microarray substrates used for protein, glycan and cell lysate arrays, tissue and cell printing and other applications where binding affinity, binding capacity and preservation of native bioactivities are important.
The nitrocellulose Film-slide and Film-plate technology, trademarked ONCYTE®, was invented by Grace Bio-Labs scientists. The ONCYTE® product is a three dimensional microporous film cast on a variety of solid surfaces (vis. Glass, plastic) comprised of a combination of nitrocellulose polymer and proprietary chemistry that provides an ideal surface for marker discovery and validation as well as study of protein function.

ONCYTE® AVID -Nitrocellulose film slides with highest binding capacity, large dynamic range. Original formula from Grace Bio-Labs. Slides are 25 x 75 x 1 mm and have 20 slides in a Pack

The ONCYTE® NOVA product is a three dimensional microporous film cast on Glass comprised of a combination of nitrocellulose polymer and proprietary chemistry that provides an ideal surface for marker discovery and validation as well as study of protein function.

ONCYTE® NOVA Nitrocellulose porous film slides are the first generation of porous nitrocellulose with reduced fluorescence background compared to AVID slides.

We can easily customize pad size and placement for your application. Please do not hesitate to contact us for a tailor-made solution.

SuperNOVA: Porous Nitrocellulose Surface for Fluorescence Detection

Fluorescence detection is a preferred method for many quantitative protein microarray assays in research and diagnostic applications due to its excellent sensitivity and potential for multiplexing. Use of multiplexed fluorescence-based assays on porous nitrocellulose though has been hampered by high backgrounds at shorter excitation wavelengths (such as the 532 nm fluorescence channel).

Grace Bio-Labs has therefore developed ONCYTE® SuperNOVA microporous nitrocellulose film slides to increase protein microarray assay sensitivity and dynamic range using fluorescent endpoints at multiple wavelengths. Use of SuperNOVA slides can lower the limit of detection with fluorescent endpoints by 3 – 4 orders of magnitude over competing nitrocellulose film slides.

ONCYTE(R) SuperNOVA-Nitrocellulose film slides optimized for low background fluorescence without sacrificing dynamic range. Glass slides are 25 x 75 x 1 mm and have 20 slides in a Pack.

ONCYTE® AVID Nitrocellulose Film Slides

Nitrocellulose-coated microarray substrates used for protein, glycan and cell lysate arrays, tissue and cell printing and other applications where binding affinity, binding capacity and preservation of native bioactivities are important.

The nitrocellulose Film-slide and Film-plate technology, trademarked ONCYTE®, was invented by Grace Bio-Labs scientists. The ONCYTE® product is a three dimensional microporous film cast on a variety of solid surfaces (vis. Glass, plastic) comprised of a combination of nitrocellulose polymer and proprietary chemistry that provides an ideal surface for marker discovery and validation as well as study of protein function.

ONCYTE® AVID -Nitrocellulose film slides with highest binding capacity, large dynamic range. Original formula from Grace Bio-Labs. Slides are 25 x 75 x 1 mm and have 20 slides in a Pack

Microarray Reagents Reagents for reactive surfaces

PolyAn provides washing and blocking buffers that are optimized for PolyAn’s 2D- and 3D-reactive surfaces. The PolyAn-buffers promotes highly efficient coupling of biomolecules and increases the signal/noise ratio by minimizing unspecific binding.

Reagents for Nitrocellulose Film Slides

Grace Bio-Labs microarray regents have been specifically formulated to achieve the full potential of porous nitrocellulose, accelerating experimental design and data collection and validation. They provide reliable tools for the development of reproducible and sensitive microarray-based assays, from printing to the long-term preservation of the printed nitrocellulose film slide. Retention of protein function and structure are guaranteed during downstream microarray applications.

The Protein Array Assay System and the Reverse Phase Array System provide each a set of reagents necessary to obtain optimal results for forward phase microarrays applications (antibody and antigen capture array) and reverse phase protein array (protein expression profiling, biomarker discovery etc.).

ProPlate™ multi-well chambers

ProPlates were specifically designed to enable automated robotic liquid handling. Two main configurations are available:

• The ProPlate Microtiter Plate is comprised of an SBS compliant microtiter plate superstructure and feature a SesureSeal™ adhesive bonding system applied to the bottom.
• The ProPlate Multi-Array Slide System integrates microscope array technology with automated microtiter plate processing. Individual modules fit into a tray with a standard microtiter plate footprint.

The multi-well chambers can be used with PolyAn’s functionalized glass slides and the ONCYTE® nitrocellulose-coated slides. They integrate microscope slide based microarray technology with high-throughput microtiter plate processing. Select a well configuration from our repertoire or contact us if you need a customized version.

ProPlate™ Microtiter Plates

ProPlate Slide Chamber System

ProPlate Slide Modules

ProPlate SBS Compliant Tray Sets

ProPlate Accessories & Replacement Gaskets

ProPlate™ multi-well chambers

ProChambers™ MultiWell Chambers are made from a durable, flat, precision machined aluminum to ensure proper slide alignment and leak-free arrays. The chambers have a footprint compatible with multi-channel pipettes or automated loading. The top chamber face is embossed with a letter and number panel for easy identification of each subarray.

The ArraySlide 16 chamber fits one microarray slide and sections it into 16 individual surfaces for multiple simultaneous protein, gene expression, or screening analysis studies. The unit includes a lower carrier tray, upper structure plate, and gasket (patent pending). The 7 mm x 7 mm surfaces are positioned 9 mm apart in a 2 x 8 format for easy loading by multi-channel pipettes or automated robots.

ProChambers™ MultiWell Chambers

ProChambers™ MultiWell Chambers

ProChambers™ MultiWell Chambers

Product description

Disposable seals comprised of a plastic cover and chamber walls fabricated from double-sided adhesive to create the desired depth. Access ports in the chamber surface allow for the addition or removal of reactants. Ports are easily sealed using Adhesive Seal Tabs. Sealed chambers are watertight and ideally suited for submerged or overnight incubations. RNase free, hydrophobic surfaces will not trap or bind probes. Disposable chamber removes cleanly and easily even after heating. Two standard adhesive types (SecureSeal™ and Fluorescent Friendly) are available in a variety of chamber sizes, and depths. This product is easily customized for applications that employ the use of “exotic” surface chemistries by selecting from our portfolio of adhesive options.

SecureSeal™ Adhesive vs Fluorescent Friendly Adhesive:

Standard versions of the HybriWell™ are manufactured using double-sided, clear SecureSeal™ Adhesive. The Fluorescent Friendly Adhesive was developed in response to reports from few laboratories that they were experiencing signal quenching using CY5 and AF647 using SecureSeal™ Adhesive. We contacted multiple HybriWell™ customers using these fluors for hybridization and results were mixed with many of the labs having no issues whatsoever. After creating a matrix of variables, the information we know to date is:

• The phenomenon only occurs during hybridization assays above 55C
• Only occurs if the fluor is directly conjugated to the probe (no problem in a sandwich assay).
• CY3 and other fluors are not affected.
• Some labs do not have the quenching issue at all under any of the above conditions.

As far as we know, some component of the hybridization buffer is reacting with some component of the adhesive used to make standard HybriWell™ and SecureSeal™ products resulting in signal quenching. We are not able to identify which component may be the culprit as many of the customers having the problem were using pre-made hybe buffers , the manufacturers of which will not share the formulation with us. We feel that it is appropriate to alert customers to the potential risk of this quenching phenomenon if they are using SecureSeal™ adhesive under any of the conditions we’ve described. We identified the Fluorescent Friendly adhesive as a material which does not quench signal under any conditions and it was tested by the labs which reported the problem and all reported favorable results.

HybriWells™ are sold with a standard compliment of Adhesive Seal Tabs (QTY 200) which may be applied to the filling ports to prevent evaporation. Many customers do not find it necessary or desirable to use the tabs, therefore to reduce cost we do not include a full complement of port seals with all versions of the product. For example, if you purchased HybriWell 6L, a seal with 6 chambers X 2 ports each, you would require 1200 port seals to cover all of the filling ports, therefore 800 additional port seals would need to be purchased separately.

The HybriWell™ product group represents the one most often modified for a customer’s particular application, OEM component for private label kits and research and development projects. Applications include commercial microarray kits, flowcells and chambers for genome sequencing, tissue incubation and content packaging.

ProChambers™ MultiWell Chambers

SecureSeal Hybridization Chambers

3D-Carboxy functionalized microparticles

PolyAn´s carboxy-microparticles with antifouling behaviour are suitable for coupling proteins and antibodies. Depending on the bead-size the loading with proteins, antibodies and other high molecular weight molecules to the surface is in the range of 0.2 µg/mg.

PolyAn can functionalize all the beads from our portfolio with the Carboxy surfaces:

• Transparent beads
• Fluorescence encoded microparticles
• Multiplex bead populations with 8-25 peaks for flow cytometry and fluorescence imaging systems
• Fluorescence encoded submicon beads (nanoparticles)

Please do not hesitate to contact us (mail@poly-an.de), if you have any questions regarding our products. We are looking forward to your inquiry.

3D-Aldehyde functionalized beads for direct coupling of biomolecules

Aldehyde groups react immediately with the NH2-terminus or other suitable functional groups of the probe to form a (covalent) bond with the surface. Thus, no activation of the bead surface is necessary prior to binding of the probe. The 3D-Aldehyde matrix has an integrated spacer structure to ensure optimal binding conditions. If necessary, the loading with Aldehyde groups can be adapted to the specific application.

Key features

• Aldehyde groups bind to Amines, Hydrazines and Aminoalkoxyacetyl modified biomolecules
• Suitable for one-step coupling of biomolecules, no activation of surface with Glutaraldehyde necessary
• Different Aldehyde loadings on beads are possible
• Wide range of sizes to choose, i.e. 100 – 500 nm submicron beads as well as 2 µm – 20 µm microspheres
• Both transparent and fluorescence encoded beads as well as multiplex beads are available

PolyAn can functionalize all beads from our portfolio with an Aldehyde surface:

• Transparent beads
• Fluorescence encoded microparticles
• Multiplex bead populations with up to 25 peaks for flow cytometry and fluorescence imaging systems
• Fluorescence encoded submicron beads (nanoparticles)

As part of our functionalization services PolyAn is now also offering the custom modification of beads with probes. Please do not hesitate to contact us, if you have any questions regarding our products. We are looking forward to your inquiry.

Selected publications

For a detailed description of PolyAn’s 3D-Aldehyde bead surfaces please read:

Roloff, A.; Nirmalananthan-Budau, N.; Rühle, B.; Borcherding, H.; Thiele, T.; Schedler, U.; Resch-Genger, U.; Quantification of Aldehydes on Polymeric Microbead Surfaces via Catch and Release of Reporter Chromophores, Analytical Chemistry 2019, 91, 14, 8827-8834.

Streptavidin and Neutravidin surfaces

PolyAn´s streptavidin or neutravidin functionalized microparticles are suitable for coupling biotin-modified biomolecules, e.g. oligonucleotides, peptides, proteins etc..

PolyAn offers to functionalize the surface with Avidin, Streptavidin and Neutravidin, respectively. The table below illustrates the differences between the variants (data of molecules in solution, not immobilized on bead surface):

PolyAn can functionalize all the beads from our portfolio with the Streptavidin Avidin and Neutravidin surfaces, respectively:

• Transparent beads
• Fluorescence encoded beads
• Multiplex bead populations with 8-16 peaks for flow cytometry and fluorescence imaging systems

Please do not hesitate to contact us , if you have any questions regarding our products. We are looking forward to your inquiry.

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3D-Alkyne and 3D-Azide surface for “click chemistry”

Click chemistry is a chemical paradigm introduced by K. Barry Sharpless in 2001. Click chemistry describes chemical reactions for orthogonal, stereo-specific coupling while working in easily removable or benign solvents. The technology is inspired by the fact that chemical reactions in nature also generate substances by joining small modular units. One prominent example of click-chemistry is the reaction of Alkynes with Azide groups.

PolyAn has developed new 3D-Alkyne and 3D-Azide surfaces for directed and bio-orthogonal coupling of biomolecules:

• Alternative to conventional Streptavidin-Biotin chemistry
• Less unspecific interactions compared to Streptavidin
• No reactions of alkyne with regular biomolecule functionalities, e.g. hydroxy, amino and carboxy

PolyAn can functionalize all the beads from our portfolio with the new 3D-Alkyne and 3D-Azide surfaces, respectively:

• Transparent beads
• Fluorescence encoded beads
• Multiplex bead populations with up to 25 peaks for flow cytometry and fluorescence imaging systems

As part of our functionalization services PolyAn is now also offering the custom modification of beads with oligonucleotides or peptides as well as 3D-MTZ (Methyltetrazine) and 3D-DBCO (Dibenzylcyclooctyne) surfaces, respectively. Please do not hesitate to contact us , if you have any questions regarding our products. We are looking forward to your inquiry.

Transparent PolyAn microparticles with 3D-Alkyne surface coupled to fluorescence labeled azido peptide via ”click chemistry”.
[Fluorescence microscope image: Olympus IX71, 60x: visualisation of positive ligand binding]

PolyAn Red4 encoded Multiplex Beads

PolyAn Plex bead kits provide a platform for the design of multiplexed suspension arrays that can be run on standard flow cytometers. PolyAn offers a 25-plex (peaks) set of beads that can be distinguished by both different fluorescence intensities of our PolyAn Red4 dye (Excitation: 590–680 nm/Emission: 660–780 nm) as well as three different sizes (3.5 μm, 5 μm and 9 μm).

The standard packaging volume is 1.5 mL/population with a solids content of 0.5%. A custom modification with antibodies, peptides or oligonucleotides is available upon request.

The image below illustrates the read-out of all 25 populations of the PolyAn Plex Red4 beads at one setting using different flow cytometers.

The standard packaging volume is 1.5 mL/population with a solids content of 0.5%. A custom modification with antibodies, peptides or oligonucleotides is available upon request.

The image below illustrates the read-out of all 25 populations of the PolyAn Plex Red4 beads at one setting using different flow cytometers.

PolyAn Red5 encoded Multiplex Beads

PolyAn Plex bead kits provide a platform for the design of multiplexed suspension arrays that can be run on standard flow cytometers as well as fluorescence microscope based systems. PolyAn offers a 6-plex (peaks) set of beads that can be distinguished by different fluorescence intensities of our PolyAn Red5 dye (Excitation: 490–680 nm/Emission: 660–730 nm).

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The standard packaging volume is 1.5 mL/population with a solids content of 0.5%. A custom modification with antibodies, peptides or oligonucleotides is available upon request.

PolyAn Blue encoded Multiplex Beads

PolyAn Plex bead kits provide a platform for the design of multiplexed suspension arrays that can be run on standard flow cytometers. PolyAn offers a 8-plex (peaks) set of beads that can be distinguished by different fluorescence intensities of our PolyAn Blue dye (Excitation: 350–400 nm/Emission: 400–480 nm).

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The standard packaging volume is 1.5 mL/population with a solids content of 0.5%. A custom modification with antibodies, peptides or oligonucleotides is available upon request.

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The standard packaging volume is 1.5 mL/population with a solids content of 0.5%. Please do not hesitate to contact us, if you are interested in a set of multiplex bead populations that is tailored to your specific application and/or read-out system.

Technology for dual-color bead encoding

The definition and differentiation between bead populations used in multiplex bead assays can be achieved using a combination of fluorescence emission wavelength (colour), fluorescence intensity and bead size. This encoding principle is illustrated in the image above.

PolyAn offers both dual-colour encoding and single-dye-encoding. Dual-colour encoded beads allow a narrower definition of the bead population, but have higher requirements regarding the read-out software.

By combining fluorescence encoding and different particle size populations up to 100 populations can be defined. Using size as well as fluorescence makes it easier to differentiate between populations. The overall system becomes more robust and the requirements with regards to the read-out system can be reduced.

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Calibration slide for fluorescence imaging systems

• for the routine calibration of fluorescence microscopes
• for automated fluorescence imaging systems, e.g. scanning cytometry

PolyAn’s calibration slides are designed for the routine calibration of confocal fluorescence microscopes and other fluorescence imaging systems. They are prepared by mounting statistically distributed monodisperse PMMA beads that contain ultra-stable fluorophores onto standard 75 x 25 x 1 mm glass slides. The beads are protected from mechanical stress with a coverglass.

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We can also mount other fluorescent and non-fluorescent particles in any size between 5-15 µm onto our slides. Please do not hesitate to contact us (mail@poly-an.de), if you are interested in a set of calibration slides that is tailored to your specific application and/or read-out system.

Optical key features:

• Ultra thin monolayer on glass slides (alternative formats available upon request) ensures that there are no out of focus particles
• Homogeneous particle size and fluorescence intensity
• Single particles, no particle aggregates and homogeneous, statistical particle distribution
• Suitable for all automated fluorescence imaging systems

The calibration slides are used to determine the sensitivity and system performance.

Stability of fluorophores

For calibration applications PolyAn uses fluorophores that meet the highest quality requirements for fluorescence stability even after very long exposure times. This ensures that the calibration slides can be used up to 100-200 times with minimal loss of fluorescence intensity. The calibration slides have a good longterm stability, e.g. less than 0.5 % decrease in fluorescence intensity after storage for 1 month at 37°C.

Selected publications & downloads

• Roggenbuck D, Hiemann R, Bogdanos D, Reinhold D, Conrad K., Standardization of automated interpretation of immunofluorescence tests. Clin Chim Acta. 2013 Jun 5;421:168-9. doi: 10.1016/j.cca.2013.03.019. Epub 2013 Mar 26.
• Roggenbuck D, Hiemann R,  Schierack P,  Reinhold D,  Conrad K., Digital immunofluorescence enables automated detection of antinuclear antibody endpoint titers avoiding serial dilution. In: Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine. – Berlin [u.a.] : De Gruyter; Bd. 52.2014, 2, S. e9-e11

PolyAn product flyer Fluorescence Calibration Slide

Spectrum Calibration Beads for flow cytometers

PolyAn’s Spectrum Calibration Beads are designed for calibration of flow cytometers and other fluorescence imaging systems. Each color encoded PMMA bead population (peak) contains a mixture of fluorophores that allows performance validation at all wavelengths.

8-peak Spectrum Calibration Beads with increasing fluorophore content for all channels. One transparent population (only in FL3 detectable) and 7 fluorescence encoded populations. Measurement with QA Quantum P flow cytometer. Excitation laser line at 488 nm.

Key features

• Contains a mixture of fluorophores that enable the Spectrum Calibration Beads to be excited at any wavelength from 365 nm to 650 nm.
• Fluorophores are homogeneously encapsulated in the PMMA matrix. A special shell prevents the leaching of fluorophores.
• Allows the calibration of the FITC, PE, PE-TR, PE-Cy5, and APC channels (or analogue fluorophores) with the same set of particles.
• Set of up to 8 similar size microparticle populations (peaks) with different fluorescence intensities.

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Use of focus beads for imaging of cell-based assays

Quickly finding the correct focus level is one of the key challenges for automated, microscope based fluorescence maging systems. In most applications DAPI-focussing on cell nuclei is used to determine the bottom of slides, plates or other carrier materials. However, this method can lead to errors when the cells detach from the bottom surface or are insufficiently stained.

PolyAn addresses this problem with our new 2µm blue Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) beads:

• 2 µm beads have a comparable size to cell nuclei.
• PMMA-grade is not cell-toxic and does not interfere with the cell behavior.
• Color encoded in the DAPI channel, transparent in all other channels.
• Well-defined fuorescence intensity. Problems caused by insuffcient staining of the cell nuclei can thus be avoided.
• Easy handling: the beads can be easily added to the cell suspension. They quickly sink to the bottom and thus indicate the correct focus level.
• Application: standards in a range of cell assays, e.g. bioflim assays, adhesion assays or detection of bacteria.

Focus beads (blue, DAPI channel) in combination with EPEC-bacteria on a GP2-coated plate. Only the surface of the bacteria has been dyed with O26 E.coli-antibody sera and FITC-conjugated secondary antibody.

Focus beads (blue, DAPI channel) in combination with E.Coli-bacteria on a GP2-coated plate. The bacteria have been coloured using PI (DNA).

Publications & downloads

* Rödiger, S. et.al. Adv. Biochem. Eng. Biotechnol. 2013, 133, 35–74

** Schierack, P. et.al. Gut (BMJ Group), 2014

PolyAn product flyer Focus Beads

PolyAn Blue encoded Multiplex Beads

PolyAn Plex bead kits provide a platform for the design of multiplexed suspension arrays that can be run on standard flow cytometers. PolyAn offers a 8-plex (peaks) set of beads that can be distinguished by different fluorescence intensities of our PolyAn Blue dye (Excitation: 350–400 nm/Emission: 400–480 nm).

Products

Other particle sizes are available upon request. All beads can be equipped with a wide range of functional surfaces. Please do not hesitate to contact us.

Functionalized PMMA Microparticles

PolyAn offers functionalized, transparent polymer beads with a very narrow particle size distribution for particle analysis using flow cytometry or other screening applications.

PolyAn can custom modify beads with antibodies, oligonucleotides and peptides, respectively. Please contact us, if you are interested in our modification services.

Transparent, functionalized PMMA Microparticles

Other particle sizes are available upon request. All beads can be equipped with a wide range of functional surfaces. Please do not hesitate to contact us.

Fluorescent PMMA Microparticles

Fluorescent PolyAn’s fluorescent microparticles are available in various sizes, emission spectra and fluorescence intensities. The fluorescent PMMA microparticles are suitable for use in flow cytometry, fluorescence microscopy, phagocytosis studies and cell labelling. They can be used in image based systems as well as in other screACening applications. Typical applications include calibration of flow cytometers, calibration of fluorescence microscopes and multiplex bead assays.

With PolyAn’s production process up to six fluorophores can be incorporated into the beads during the bead polymerisation process. This ensures a much more homogeneous distribution of the dyes within the beads when compared to conventional diffusion controlled dyeing processes. The fluorophores are also caged within the polymeric PMMA matrix and are less likely to leak-out.

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Functionalized Fluorescent Microparticles

PolyAn offers a wide variety of functionalized, fluorescent particles. They can be used in flow cytometry, image based systems as well as in other imaging systems. PolyAn also offers different multiplex bead sets for flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopes.

The fluorescence intensity of the beads can be tailored to specific applications and read-out systems. We are happy to help you select the right fluorescence intensity for your application. Customized coupling of biomolecules is available upon request. Please do not hesitate to contact us if you have a specific request!

Low Aggregation fluorescent microparticles

3D-Carboxy fluorescent microparticles

3D-Aldehyde coated fluorescent microparticles