Fluorescent Microspheres

Our highly-fluorescent europium (III) nanoparticles offer exceptional stability, in addition to well-functionalized carboxylated surfaces for the covalent attachment of ligand. Our Eu (III) nanoparticles have been used to develop highly sensitive assays (microplate, lateral flow) based on time-resolved (TRF) fluorescence and as particulate labels in chemiluminence assays. The beads are supplied as ~1% solids (w/v) aqueous suspensions. View excitation & emission spectra and Instrument Links for TRF strip test readers. See how we stack up against our competition in our Europium Chelate brochure.

REFERENCES

• Liang R-L, Xu X-P, Liu T-C, Zhou J-W, Wang X-G, Ren Z-Q, Hao F, Wu Y-S. (2015) Rapid and sensitive lateral flow immunoassay method for determining alpha fetoprotein in serum using europium (III) chelate microparticles-based lateral flow test strips. Anal Chim Acta; 891:277-283.
• Soukka T, Paukkunen J, Härmä H, Lönnberg S, Lindroos H, Lövgren. (2001) Supersensitive time-resolved immunofluorometric assay of free prostate-specific antigen with nanoparticle label technology. Clin Chem; 47(4):(1269-1278
• Xia X, Xu Y, Ke R, Zhang H, Zou M, Yang W, Li Q. (2013) A highly sensitive nanoparticle-based lateral flow immunoassay for detection of chloramphenicol residue. Anal Bioanal Chem; 405(23):7541-4.
• Yeo SJ, Bao DT, Seo GE, Bui CT, Kim DTH, Anh NTV, … Park H. (2017). Improvement of a rapid diagnostic application of monoclonal antibodies against avian influenza H7 subtype virus using Europium nanoparticles. Scientific Reports, 7, 7933.
• Tuan Bao D, Kim DTH, Park H, Cuc BT, Ngoc NM, Linh NTP, … Yeo SJ. (2017) Rapid Detection of Avian Influenza Virus by Fluorescent Diagnostic Assay using an Epitope-Derived Peptide Theranostics Vol 7, Issue 7 1835-1846
• Tang Y, Zhang H, Liu X, Trofimchuk E, Feng S, Ma T, …, Lu X. (2017) Advantage of Eu3+ -Doped Polystyrene Microspheres Compared with Colloidal Gold Used in Immunochromatographic Assays for the Detection of Melamine in Milk. J Food Sci. Mar;82(3):694-697 (200nm Eu chelate microspheres)
• Do Thi Hoang Kim DT, Bao HP, & Nguyen Minh Ngoc, SJY. (2018). Development of a novel peptide aptamer-based immunoassay to detect Zika virus in serum and urine. Theranostics, 8(13), 3629.(FCEU001, 0.1µm Euroipium chelate COOH nanoparticles)
• Yu, ST, Bui, CT, Nguyen, AV, Trinh, TTT, & Yeo, SJ. (2018) Clinical evaluation of rapid fluorescent diagnostic immunochromatographic test for influenza A virus (H1N1). Scientific reports, 8(1), 13468.(200nm Eu chelate nanoparticles coated with anti-influenza A nucleoprotein)

Our non-functionalized microspheres are suitable for coating via adsorption. See spectra for available fluorescent dyes. See TechNote 204, Adsorption to Microspheres, for a general adsorption protocol. Unless noted otherwise, fluorescent polymer microspheres are available as ~1% solids (w/v) aqueous suspensions in these standard volumes: 1mL, 5mL, 10mL, and 100mL.

REFERENCES

• Lee, M, Reece, P, Marchington, R, Metzger, N, Dholakia, K (2007) Construction and calibration of an optical trap on a fluorescence optical microscope. Nat. Protocols V.2 p3226-3238
• Mattheyses, A, Simon, S, Rappoport, J (2010) Imaging with total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy for the cell biologist J Cell Sci 123: 3621-3628
• Sun, Z, Martinez-Lemus, L, Trache, A, Trzeciakowski, J, Davis, G, Pohl, U, Meininger,G (2005) Mechanical properties of the interaction between fibronectin and α5β1-integrin on vascular smooth muscle cells studied using atomic force microscopy. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, 289(6) H2526-H2535
• Ogilvie, J, Beaurepaire, E, Alexandrou, A, Joffre, M, (2006) Fourier-transform coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering microscopy. Optics Letters, Optical Society of America, 31(4), p480-2.
• Chen X, Wang J, Versluis M, de Jong N, Villanueva FS.(2013) Ultra-fast bright field and fluorescence imaging of the dynamics of micrometer-sized objects. Review of Scientific Instruments 84,063701
• Yang Z, Rutherford B, McDonald R, & Houston JP. (2017) Development of far-red and ultraviolet digital frequency-domain flow cytometry systems. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, 23(3), 59-63.(Flash Red & Glacial Blue microspheres to determine detection sensitivity in a Far-Red and UV modified instrument)

Biomolecules may be covalently immobilized to carboxyl-functionalized microspheres. A general coupling protocol is provided in TechNote 205, Covalent Coupling. Fluorescent carboxyl microspheres microspheres are available as ~1% solids (w/v) aqueous suspensions in these standard volumes: 1mL, 5mL, 10mL, and 100mL. See spectra for available fluorescent dyes. See also our Quantumplex™ kits for suspension array development.

REFERENCES

• Adams EW, Ueberfeld J, Ratner DM, O’Keefe BR, Walt DR, Seeberger PH.(2003) Encoded fiber-optic microsphere arrays for probing protein-carbohydrate interactions.Angew Chem Int Ed Engl.10;42(43):5317-20. (Cat. 235, QuantumPlex Starfire Red 4.4µm COOH)
• Shapiro, K, Mazet, JA, Schriewer, A, Wuertz, S, Fritz, H, Miller, WA, … & Conrad, PA. (2010) Detection of Toxoplasma gondii oocysts and surrogate microspheres in water using ultrafiltration and capsule filtration. Water Research, 44(3), 893-903. (10.35µm Dragon Green Carboxyl, 8.6µm Glacial Blue Carboxyl)
• Pei X, Yin H, Lai T, Zhang J, Liu F, Xu X, Li N. (2017) Multiplexed Detection of Attomoles of Nucleic Acids Using Fluorescent Nanoparticle Counting Platform Anal. Chem.10.1021/acs.analchem.7b04551 (~200nm carboxylated Glacial Blue, Dragon Green & Envy Green beads)

Both Encapsulated (ME catalog codes) and Classical (MC catalog codes) superparamagnetic microspheres are synthesized using a process that results in the distribution of iron oxide crystals throughout the polymer matrix. For specific information on the use of fluorescent magnetic particles for cell labeling & tracking, see TSD 0748. The surfaces of Encapsulated magnetic microspheres are expected to be free of iron oxide, while the Classical version will have some exposed iron oxide. COMPEL microspheres (UMC catalog codes) are highly uniform and spherical. Fluorescent magnetic microspheres are available as ~1% solids (w/v) aqueous suspensions in these standard volumes: 1mL, 5mL, 10mL, and 100mL. See spectra for available fluorescent dyes.

REFERENCES

• Hinds, K, Hill, J, Shapiro, E, Laukkanen, M, Alfonso C. Silva, Combs,…Dunbar, C (2003) Highly efficient endosomal labeling of progenitor and stem cells with large magnetic particles allows magnetic resonance imaging of single cells. Blood Aug 102 (3) 867-872
• Shapiro, E M, Skrtic, S, Koretsky, AP (2005) Sizing it up: Cellular MRI using micron-sized iron oxide particles. Magn. Reson. Med., 53: 329–338
• Rohani, R, de Chickera, SN, Willert, C, Chen, Y, Dekaban, G, Foster, P (2011) In Vivo Cellular MRI of Dendritic Cell Migration Using Micrometer-Sized Iron Oxide (MPIO) Particles Mol Imaging Biol 13: 679
• Slotkin,J, Cahill, K, Tharin, S, Shapiro, EM (2207) Cellular Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Nanometer and Micrometer Size Particles for Noninvasive Cell Localization Neurotherapeutics, V4,3,P428-433
• Tarulli E, Chaudhuri JD, Gretka V, Hoyles A, Morshead CM, Stanisz GJ. (2013) Effectiveness of micron-sized superparamagnetic iron oxide particles as markers for detection of migration of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells in a stroke model. J Magn Reson Imaging.Jun;37(6):1409-18. (MCDG001, 0.9µm Dragon Green Magnetic Classical, 60% mag)

Our inventory includes a variety of streptavidin coated fluorescent microspheres supplied as ~1% solids (w/v) aqueous suspensions. Please select the catalog code link below or contact our Customer Service Department for specific availability. See spectra for available fluorescent dyes.

The Dragon Green Intensity Standard is a kit consisting of five individual populations of ~8µm polystyrene-based microspheres dyed with increasing amounts of the Dragon Green fluorophore. Each population is supplied at ~1.5 x 10⁷ beads /mL in a 1mL bottle. Dragon Green is an excellent spectral surrogate for fluorescein, and is suitable for use with fluorescein filter sets. View excitation and emission spectra.

The Flash Red Intensity Standard is a kit consisting of five individual populations of ~8µm polystyrene-based microspheres dyed with increasing amounts of the Flash Red fluorophore. Each population is supplied at ~1.5 x 10⁷ beads /mL in a 1mL bottle. As Flash Red is spectrally similar to Cy™5, traditional red fluorophore filter sets (e.g. Cy™5/microscope, PE-Cy™5 or APC/cytometer) may be used with this standard. View excitation and emission spectra.